نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 استاد مدیریت ورزشی، گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

اهمیت بالقوه مشارکت ورزشی برای سلامت روانی- اجتماعی و بهزیستی ذهنی (SWB) مورد توجه محققان قرار گرفته است. سیاست بین‌الملل در حال حاضر دائماً از نیاز مردم به فعالیت بدنی بیشتر برای ارتقای سلامت و کاهش هزینه‌های مراقبت بهداشتی جامعه حمایت می‌کند. چنین سیاستی دستورالعمل هایی را در مورد سطوح شدت فعالیت بدنی تدوین کرده است و به طور ضمنی سلامت را با رفاه یکسان می­داند. لذا، هدف از این تحقیق برآورد ارزش پولی مشارکت ورزشی برای ابعاد مختلف رضایت از زندگی با رویکرد ارزشگذاری رفاه ذهنی می­باشد. تحقیق حاضر به لحاظ هدف از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی و به لحاظ روش گردآوری داده ­های تحقیق از نوع تحقیقات تحلیلی_ توصیفی می­باشد که به صورت میدانی انجام گرفته است. برای برآورد ارزش پولی و تخمین مدل از داده­ های پانلی که از مردم شهر ارومیه در سال (1401) جمع ­آوری شد، استفاده گردید. نمونه آماری با توجه به جدول مورگان 382 نفر می­باشد که در این مطالعه به منظور تخمین دقیق مدل و همچنین برمبنای پژوهش تورمان و همکاران (2022)، تعداد 740 نفر به روش نمونه ­گیری تصادفی ساده به ­عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب گردیدند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه استانداردی می­باشد که شامل ابعاد مختلف SWB از قبیل رضایت از زندگی، سلامتی، درآمد، کار و اوقات فراغت می­باشند که در قالب طیف 5 درجه ­ای "کاملا راضی هستم" تا "کاملاً ناراضی هستم" تنظیم شد. برای برآورد مدل­ های تحقیق از مدل­های رگرسیونی GMM، OLS و SUR با کمک نرم افزار SPSS و Eviwes استفاده گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که ساعات ورزشی در ابعاد مختلف SWB از قبیل رضایت از زندگی، سلامتی، کار، درآمد و اوقات فراغت با سه روش تخمینی مذکور تأثیر دارد. اما در رگرسیون خطی (OLS) این تأثیر بیشتر بود. همچنین ارزش پولی مشارکت ورزشی برای دو بعد اوقات فراغت و درآمد مردم ارومیه بالاترین مبلغ و برای میزان سطح سلامتی در پایین­ترین مبلغ بود. بنابراین پیشنهاد می­شود مطالعات آینده معیارها و برآوردگرهای به کار گرفته شده را در نظر بگیرند. تاکنون پژوهشی در ایران وجود نداشته که ارزش پولی مشارکت ورزشی را محاسبه کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The economic value of participation in sports with different estimators for life satisfaction of Urmia people

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Ahmadi ASli 1
  • Roghayeh Sarlab 2
  • Seyd Mohammad Kashef 3

1 Master of Sports Management, Department of Movement Behavior and Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Sports Management, Department of Movement Behavior and Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

3 Professor of Sports Management, Department of Movement Behavior and Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

چکیده [English]

The potential importance of sports participation for psychosocial health and subjective well-being (SWB) has attracted the attention of researchers. International policy currently consistently supports the need for people to be more physically active to improve health and reduce healthcare costs for society. Such policy has developed guidelines on levels of physical activity intensity and implicitly equates health with well-being. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to estimate the monetary value of sports participation for different dimensions of life satisfaction with a subjective well-being valuation approach. The present study is an applied research in terms of its purpose and an analytical-descriptive research in terms of its data collection method, which was conducted in the field. Panel data collected from the people of Urmia in the year (1401) were used to estimate the monetary value and estimate the model. The statistical sample is 382 people according to the Morgan table, and in this study, in order to accurately estimate the model and also based on the research of Turman et al. (2022), 740 people were selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling method. The research tool is a standard questionnaire that includes various dimensions of SWB such as satisfaction with life, health, income, work and leisure, which was set in the form of a 5-point spectrum from "I am completely satisfied" to "I am completely dissatisfied". GMM, OLS and SUR regression models were used to estimate the research models with the help of SPSS and Eviwes software. The results of the study showed that exercise hours have an effect on various dimensions of SWB such as satisfaction with life, health, work, income and leisure with the three aforementioned estimation methods. However, this effect was greater in linear regression (OLS). Also, the monetary value of sports participation was the highest for the two dimensions of leisure and income of the people of Urmia and the lowest for the level of health. Therefore, it is suggested that future studies consider the criteria and estimators used. So far, there has been no research in Iran that calculates the monetary value of sports participation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Monetary value
  • life satisfaction
  • mental well-being
  • sports participation
  • Urmia people
Moazdian, A., Medicine, Z., & Kazemi E. (2021). The relationship between job preference and job satisfaction with the mediating role of emotional intelligence. Occupational health and health promotion quarterly. 5(2), 118-131. http://ohhp.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-346-fa.html.  (in persian)
Breuer, C., & Feiler, S. (2017). Sportentwicklungsbericht 2015/2016: Analyse zur Situation der Sportvereine in Deutschland [Sport Development Report 2015/2016: Analysis of the situation of sports clubs in Germany]. SportverlagStrauß.ISBN:78-3-86884-586-0, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317429033_Sport_Development_Report_20152016_Analysis_of_the_situation_of_sports_clubs_in_Germany_Abbreviated_Version
Brown, J. L., MacDonald, R., & Mitchell, R. (2015). Are people who participate in cultural activities more satisfied with life? Social Indicators Research, 122(1), 135–146, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11205-014-0678-7
Becchetti, L., Peloni, A., & Rossetti, F. (2008). Relational goods, sociability, and happiness. Kyklos, 61(3), 343–363. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.2008.00405.x
Chick, G., Dong, E., Yeh, C., & Hsieh, C. (2021). Cultural consonance predicts leisure satisfaction in Taiwan. Leisure Studies, 40(2), 183–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2020.1808052
Chen, S., Ho, W. K. Y., and Ahmed, M. D. (2020). Physical activity and its relationship with life satisfaction among middle school students: a cross-culture study. Sustainability 12, 6932. doi: 10.3390/su12176932, https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
Downward, P., Dawson, P., & Mills, T. C. (2015). Sports participation as an investment in (subjective) health: A time series analysis of the life course. Journal of Public Health (in press). 38(4), 504-510. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv164, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28158725/
Downward, P., & Dawson, P. (2016). Is it pleasure or health from leisure that we benefit from most? An analysis of well-being alternatives and implications for policy. Social Indicators Research, 126(1), 443–465, https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/soinre/v126y2016i1p443-465.html
Davies, L., Taylor, P., Ramchandani, G., & Christy, L. (2019). Social return on investment in sport: A model for measuring participation in England. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 11(4), 585–605. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2019. 1596967
Downward, P., Hallmann, K., & Rasciute, S. (2018). Exploring the interrelationship between sport, health and social outcomes in the UK: Implications for health policy. European Journal of Public Health, 28(1), 99–104. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckx063
Dolan, P., Kavetsos, G., & Vlaev, I. (2014). The happiness workout. Social Indicators Research, 119(3), 1363–1377, https://www.jstor.org/stable/24721490
Downward, P., & Dawson, P. (2016). Is it pleasure or health from leisure that we benefit from most? An analysis of well-being alternatives and implications for policy. Social Indicators Research, 126(1), 443–465, https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/soinre/v126y2016i1p443-465.html
Fathi, S. (2018). Sociological explanation of students' sports participation, Social Sciences Research Journal. 3(4), 145-173. https://www.sid.ir/paper/177020/fa. (in persian)
Shajirat, D., Ansari Samani, H., & Makian, S. N. (2019). Investigating the effect of monetary ethics on income satisfaction. Organizational Behavior Studies Quarterly. 2, 249-272. https://sid.ir/paper/387513/fa (in persian)
Yu, G., & Yu S. (2022). What Affects Sports Participation and Life Satisfaction Among Urban Residents? The Role of Self-Efficacy and Motivation. Volume 13, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.884953
Höner, O., & Demetriou, Y. (2012). Körperlich-sportliche Aktivität und gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität. In R. Fuchs & W. Schlicht (Eds.), Seelische Gesundheit und sportliche Aktivität (pp. 34–55). Göttingen: Hogrefe, https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-662-53384-0_13-1
Huang, H., & Humphreys, B. R. (2012). Sports participation and happiness: Evidence from US microdata. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(4), 776–793, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2012.02.007
Huang, H., & Humphreys, B. R. (2012). Sports participation and happiness: Evidence from US microdata. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(4), 776–793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. joep.2012.02.007
Jonathan, E. Fielding; Shiriki, Kumanyika; Ronald, W. Manderscheid (2013). A Perspective on the Development of the Healthy People 2020 Framework for Improving U.S. Population Health. 35(3), https://publichealthreviews.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/BF03391688
Janet, M., Jooske, T., van Busschbach, R., Bosscher, J. Jos, W. & Twisk, R. (2019) Sports participation and health-related quality of life: a longitudinal observational study in children, 28:2453–2469, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11136-019-02219-4
Khodaparast, S., Farajpour, M., Bakhshalipour, V., & Kalashi, M. (2022). Investigating the relationship between sports participation motivation and general health level and quality of life of inactive elderly. Journal of Health and Care. 23(3), 213-222. http://hcjournal.arums.ac.ir/article-1-1324-fa.html (in persian)
Kalashi, M., Karimi, J., & Eidi, H. (2018). Economic valuation of participation in sports and determination of people's willingness to pay (demand for sports). Quarterly Journal of Contemporary Research in Sports Management, 9(17), 95-107. https://www.sid.ir/paper/381655. (in persian) 
Liang, J., Yamashita, T., & Brown, J. S. (2013). Leisure satisfaction and quality of life in China, Japan, and South Korea: A comparative study using AsiaBarometer 2006. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(3), 753–769. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-012-9353-3
Lori, K., Lawrence, M., & Fielding, W. (1994). Industr Industry segmentation theor y segmentation theory and the spor y and the sport industr t industry: Developing a eloping a sport industry segment model. Georgia State University, bpitts@gsu.edu, https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/kin_health_facpub/23/
Latafat, N., & Bakhshude M. (2018). Valuation of Waliasr Park in Shiraz by using subjective well-being valuation method (SWB). Environmental Science Studies, 5(1), 231-2324. https://www.jess.ir/article_104635.html (in persian)
Lane, T. (2017). How does happiness relate to economic behaviour? A review of the literature. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 68, 62–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. socec.2017.04.001
Lera-Lopez, F., Ollo-Lopez, A., & Sanchez-Santos, J. M. (2017). How does physical activity make you feel better? The mediational role of perceived health. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 12(3), 511–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-016-9473-8
Mazloum Zadeh, A., Ghanbari Hashemabadi, M., & Jahangiri Bahramali, R. (2021). The relationship between personality traits and life satisfaction with the mediating role of emotional intelligence, Counseling and Psychotherapy Excellence Quarterly, 40 (40), 88-103. https:\sanad.iau.ir\journal\jci\Article\689256? jid=689256 (in persian)
Marques, A., Peralta, M., Martins, J., Catunda, R., de Matos, M. G., & Nunes, L. S. (2016). Associations between physical activity and self-rated well-being in European adults: A population-based, crosssectional study. Preventive Medicine, 91(1), 18–23, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27471019/
Orlowski, J., & Wicker, P. (2015). The monetary value of voluntary work: Conceptual and empirical comparisons. Voluntas, 26(6), 2671–2693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-014- 9542-2, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-014-9542-2
Orlowski, J., & Wicker, P. (2019). Monetary valuation of non-market goods and services: A review of conceptual approaches and empirical applications in sports. European Sport Management Quarterly, 19(4), 456–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2018.1535609
Orlowski, J., & Wicker, P. (2018). Putting a price tag on healthy behavior: The monetary value of sports participation to individuals. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 13(2), 479–499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-017-9536-5
Ruseski, J. E., Humphreys, B. R., Hallman, K., Wicker, P., & Breuer, C. (2014). Sport participation and subjective well-being: Instrumental variable results from German survey data. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 11(2), 396–403. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah. 2012-0001
Richards, J., Jiang, X., Kelly, P., Chau, J., kBauman, A., & Ding, D. (2015). Don’t worry, be happy: Crosssectional associations between physical activity and happiness in 15 European countries. BMC Public Health, 15, 53, https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-015-1391-4
Safari M., & Fayazi F. (2021). The relationship between serious leisure time and leisure satisfaction with the mediation of recreational participation in amateur volleyball athletes, Scientific Quarterly Journal of Sports Marketing Studies, 3(2).120-89. HTTPS://WWW.DOI.ORG/10.34785/J021.2022.011 (in persian)
Safai, I., Mireshkari, M., & Karimi Rad, R. (2021). Mediating role of professional ethics in connection with sports with quality of working life and job performance, new approaches in sports management. 9(32), 65-82. http://ntsmj.issma.ir/article-1-1763-fa.html (in persian)
Salamon, L. M., Sokolowski, S. W., & Haddock, M. A. (2011). Measuring the economic value of volunteer work globally: Concepts, estimates, and a roadmap to the future. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 82(3), 217–252. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8292. 2011.00437.x
Sigvartsen, J., Gabrielsen, L. E., Abildsnes, E., Stea, T. H., Omfjord, C. S., & Rohde, G. (2016). Exploring the relationship between physical activity, life goals and health-related quality of life among high school students: A cross-sectionalstudy. BMCPublicHealth,16 709, https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-016-3407-0
Testoni, S., Mansfield, L., & Paul D. (2018). Defining and measuring subjective well-being for sport policy. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 10:4, 815-827, DOI: 10.1080/19406940.2018.1518253, https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2018.1518253
Thormann, T. F., Gehrmann, S., & Wicker, P. (2022). The Wellbeing Valuation Approach: The Monetary Value of Sport Participation and Volunteering for Different Life Satisfaction Measures and Estimators. Journal of Sports Economics, Volume 23, Issue 8, https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025221085716
Vos, S., Breesch, D., Kèsenne, S., Lagae, W., Hoecke, J. V., Vanreusel, B., & Scheerder, J. (2012). The value of human resources in non-public sports providers: The importance of volunteers in non-profit sports clubs versus professionals in for–profit fitness and health clubs. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 11(1), 3–25. https:// doi.org/10.1504/IJSMM.2012.045487, https://www.econbiz.de/Record/value-human-resources-public-sports-providers-importance-volunteers-profit-sports-clubs-versus-professionals-profit-fitness-health-clubs-vos-steven/10009575311
Wiese, C. W., Kuykendall, L., & Tay, L. (2018). Get active? A meta-analysis of leisure-time physical activity and subjective well-being. Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(1), 57–66, https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2017.1374436
Wicker, P., & Frick, B. (2015). The relationship between intensity and duration of physical activity and subjective well-being. European Journal of Public Health, 25(5), 868–872, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26142405/
Wiese, C. W., Kuykendall, L., & Tay, L. (2018). Get active? A meta-analysis of leisure-time physical activity and subjective well-being. Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(1), 57–66, https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2017.1374436
Wicker, P., & Frick, B. (2017). Intensity of physical activity and subjective well-being: An empirical analysis of the WHO recommendations. Journal of Public Health, 39(2), 19– 26. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdw062
Zhang, Z., & Chen, W. (2019). A systematic review of the relationship between physical activity and happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20(4), 1305–1313, https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/jhappi/v20y2019i4d10.1007_s10902-018-9976-0.html